Archive for April, 2009

What is Earth Day and What Meaning Does it Have for Pagans?

Wednesday, April 22nd, 2009

Earth Day is a global event celebrated on the 22nd April, with the purpose of raising awareness and appreciation for the Earth, its goal is to create a healthy, sustainable environment.  Earth Day is the brain child of US Senator Gaylord Nelson.

Born in 1916, in Clear Lake Wisonsin, Gaylord Nelson was the son of a country doctor.  He began his political career in 1948 after serving in the Armed Forces during World War II – prior to this he studied Law at University.  In 1958 Nelson became Governor of Wisconsin, in this capacity he created the Outdoor Recreation Acquisition Program.  In 1962 he was elected to the senate where he served for 18 years.  Senator Nelson was involved in several key pieces of environmental legislation including the Environmental Protection Act and both the Clean Air, and Clean Water Acts.

Inspired by an anti-Viatnam war protest called a ‘teach-in’ he attended, the idea for Earth Day was born. 
“Why not organise a huge grassroots demonstration – a teach-in – that would focus on what was happening to our environment”  The first Earth Day was held on 22nd April in 1970, over 20 million Americans participated. 
Today, Earth Day is celebrated by over half a billion people, in 175 countries.

There are several reasons that Earth Day has become so popular, at its core is the fact that the event is a mix of grassroots activism, volunteerism plus the festival atmosphere.  Governments are taking more measures to care for the environment, and businesses have learned that they can save money by reducing waste and their carbon footprints.  Todd Spinks, Director of Sustainability at the University of North Texas said “Today’s green movement enjoys unprecedented popularity and power… because people are taking a more comprehensive approach to sustainability than they did in the 70s and 80s – and people are realising that being green can save money!”

Earth Day has become a focal point for people and organisations who share similar values and goals to come together and fight for their cause.  Campaigns include the fight against oil spills, pollution, raw sewage, toxic dumps and the extinction of wildlife.  Historically, Earth Day has had different focal points each year – in 1970 the focus was on How to Create a Sustainable Environment, 1990 – Recycling, 2000 – Global Warming and Clean Energy. Today the focus is on Thinking Globally and Acting Locally.

Earth Day is a time when both organisations and individuals can come together to work for a common goal.
Disney’s new film ‘Earth’, the WWF Time For Change campaign and GreenPeace’s Inspiring Action campaign all centre around Earth Day.  Individuals can enjoy speeches, concerts, picnics, clean-up operations, local campaigning, cycling, kite flying, clean energy demonstrations, planting trees and trash-a-thons as well as many other community projects.

Margaret Mead, a respected cultural anthropologist once said “Earth Day is the first holy day which transcends all national borders, yet preserves all geographical integrities, spans mountains and oceans and time belts, and yet brings people all over the world into one resonating accord, is devoted to the preservation of the harmony in nature and yet draws upon the triumphs of technology, the measurement of time, and instantaneous communication through space” 

Critics argue that the Earth Day celebration trivialises the issues and waters down the message.  One internet blogger noted “Too many part-time greenies treat Earth Day as a panacea, once a year they can ‘do their part’ to save the planet.  It’s a salve they apply to themselves to feel better about a year of unsustainable living.”

For many Pagans, Earth Day is simply Every Day – but for those new to the path, it can be a great starting point. 
Earth Day gives the general population the chance to appreciate the planet, what it gives us – and what we need to give back.

There are plenty of activities that we can participate in to both create a sustainable environment and respect Mother Earth.

·          Invest in cloth or jute shopping bags

·          Use energy saving light bulbs

·          Eat organic – if this however is too expensive, then look at growing your own food in a garden or container

·          Recycle, recycle, recycle

·          Compost uncooked leftovers and peelings

·          Get your morning coffee in a re-usable cup

·          Volunteer your time for a worthy cause

·          Attend a festival to meet like-minded people

·          Use public transport or walk

·          Use eco-friendly household products

·          Plant a tree

·          Have a zero-carbon day with the family

·          Pick up litter from beaches, woods and parks

·          Look up your local Pagan group, you can be sure that they will have plans for Earth Day too – the Pagan Federation London is holding a grand gathering in the Queen’s Woods, and Brighton Beach will be a lot cleaner thanks to the South East Pagans.

·          Join the Earth Day Network – which promotes environmental citizenship and year-round progressive action worldwide.

For many Pagans, Earth Day is a time where we can share our outlook and conviction with the rest of the world, however we must recognise that honouring the Earth is a daily commitment and one that we should undertake with respect.

© Dawn Gribble 2009

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Treat steeped in history

Saturday, April 4th, 2009

ALTHOUGH they have been a Lenten and Good Friday tradition for centuries, hot cross buns were not always associated with Christianity.

Their origins lie in pagan traditions of ancient cultures, with the cross representing the four quarters of the moon. But, the Christian church adopted the buns and re-interpreted the icing cross.

In 1361, Father Thomas Rockcliffe began a tradition of giving hot cross buns to the poor on Good Friday.

In years that followed, many customs, traditions, superstitions, and claims of healing and protection from evil were associated with the buns.

In the 16th century, Roman Catholicism was banned in England, but the popularity of hot cross buns continued. Queen Elizabeth I passed a law banning the consumption of the buns except during festivals such as Easter, Christmas and funerals.

So remember, next time you bite in to a hot cross bun – they’re a real taste of history.

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Dancing with the Dark Boar

Thursday, April 2nd, 2009

“She’s back,” said Annie, without looking up from her laptop. From the far side of the room Moira raised her head, frowned thoughtfully and sniffed the air. Norma nodded to herself and smiled.

 

The harsh January wind almost lifted Chrissie off her feet. It grabbed at her scarf and hair with sharp cold fingers until she was bullied into finding refuge down a narrow side street. It was dark between the high old buildings, but a short way down she could see the inviting glow of golden yellow light from an open doorway. It lay out across the icy cobblestones like a welcome mat of forgotten summer sunshine. Her stomach tightened slightly as memories flooded back. It had been almost three months since she had last been at the Black Boar. For a moment she hesitated… unsure, but the wind that was blowing from down the great glen had other plans. It ripped and gnawed at her back, forcing her forward. Once again she stood in front of the café with its ancient stone archway, where a blackboard declared the “Specials of the Day”.

She stood… still uncertain and more than a little afraid. The last time she had been here her life had changed forever. What would happen if she crossed this threshold a second time? Her mind raced back to that day in late October when she had last been here. It had been a crisp and golden end-of-autumn day…

…and Chrissie was in a hurry. She had less than an hour for lunch before her appointment. She walked briskly down the street, oblivious to the shop windows with their garish and gory Halloween decorations. At the corner she went to turn left… and almost tripped over an enormous cat that seemed to appear from nowhere. Swearing softly, she stopped to check her shoe heel, which had made a rather ominous click as she’d dodged the cursed cat. As she balanced on one foot, twisting to check the heel of the other, strange flickering lights caught her eye. Further down the narrow side lane a row of carved-out neeps (swede turnips, traditionally carved in Scotland) grinned at her out of the shadows. Amused and intrigued she went closer, for a better look. The neeps were set along the edge of a bay window. Above an arched stone doorway a sign declared, “Samhainn specials – Come dine with the Dark Boar”, below that was painted a big black pig dancing under a full moon. From deep within the blended scent of real coffee and fresh-baking floated out and wrapped around her, like the arms of a lover. She decided to give this unusual place a try.

The entrance led to a surprisingly chic café. Muted lighting showed round glass tables on long metal pedestals and high-backed dark leather chairs. In the soft warm glow the tables seemed to float, like crystal lotus leaves on a dark pool. Mirrored panels, set at subtle angles, created the illusion of a room flowing out into infinity. A bit disorientated she stood for a moment trying to decide where to sit. The room was quiet, virtually empty. With a salad and tea on its way she headed for a table and pulled out her phone. She was just about to text her boss a reminder that she wouldn’t be back until two when a woman’s voice interrupted her concentration.

“Sugar?” the woman asked, smiling slightly. She was holding out a small silver dish full of sugar sachets… something Chrissie’s own table was lacking.

 “Thank you. I don’t take sugar actually.”

The woman put the dish down anyway, “I always take sugar. Not much point in life if you can’t enjoy the sweet moments.” Chrissie glanced at the woman, quickly assessing and dismissing her fidgety plain face, untidy hair and equally non-descript clothing. 

 “My name is Norma,” Chrissie gave a loud deliberate sigh and stared pointedly at the woman, but Norma went on talking, quite oblivious, “I heard you order the salad special. Good choice. We do an excellent salad.” The last sentence was not expected.

“You own this place?”

The woman nodded, “Actually we all do,” she waved a hand vaguely towards the back of the shop where two other women were sharing a table. A very tall dark woman hunched over a laptop and a slim elegant woman with sleek ginger-brown hair. They seemed to realise they were being spoken about. Both looked across; the slim woman smiled. She gave a polite nod-and-smile back.

Norma waved to them, “Come here and say hello.” The two women started to make their way over to her table.

Chrissie gave another deep sigh, “I don’t have time…” she started to say, but Norma was already making introductions.

The tall woman spoke in a gravel rough voice, “I’m Annie.”

“Black Annie,” the small slim woman added with a dry smile. Annie pulled a face and gave a small mock bow as everyone laughed at the joke. In her tailored charcoal suit and long black coat, and with her crow black hair feathering her bony face, she was very black indeed.

“I’m Moira,” the slender woman smiled again, holding out her hand. Chrissie smiled back, noticing the small details that spoke of prosperity and prestige. Her hand was soft and her long perfectly manicured nails picked up the sparkles from the gold and diamond bracelet around her wrist. Her rich brown hair had stylish streaked copper highlights that reminded Chrissie of stripes on a tabby cat.

The three women seemed an interesting trio, but she really wasn’t in the mood for small talk. She deliberately glanced at her watch, “I should be going soon. I have an appointment.” The three women nodded understandingly, but kept their places at her table. Feeling strangely powerless she ate her salad while Norma prattled on, explaining how the three of them had started as friends before becoming business partners in the Black Boar.

“Why didn’t you change the name?” she asked. Annie frowned and Norma looked confused. She tried to explain, “I mean, obviously the place was named the Black Boar when you bought it?” The women looked at each other in amusement.

“Oh, we picked the name,” said Norma.

“You chose the name… deliberately?” They all nodded. “But it’s so…” she struggled for a tactful description, “old fashioned.” All three women burst out laughing at that, even dark dour Annie.

Moira patted her hand, “My dear,” she said, chuckling, “you have no idea how old.” Once again all three burst into mirth as if at some private joke.

She changed the subject. “So… what brought you together as friends in the first place?”

Norma smiled, “We’re weavers.”

“Oh!” she was surprised, “Craftwork.”

All three laughed. “You could call it that,” replied Moira.

She could imagine Norma doing something as mundane as needlework, but the other two? Androgynous Annie with her laptop and frown… Moira with her inch long pearly nails and chic little clutch purse… She simply could not imagine the three of them sitting together at some rural women’s social club drinking tea out of mugs and sharing gossip as they worked on their mutual hobby. She was so completely lost in trying to visualise the three women weaving together that she didn’t realise that Norma was holding out her hand as well. A little embarrassed, she shook the woman’s hand. As their fingers touched she gave a jerk.

“Static,” Norma giggled, but Chrissie wasn’t so sure. What she’d felt as their hands touched was more like a ripple of water going through her entire body. This time when she looked into Norma’s face she looked without preconceptions. What she saw was a quivering energy that she had completely missed before. And her eyes! How had she not noticed Norma’s eyes? They were almost abnormally large and such a light bright brown, almost golden; held within their gaze she felt stripped to the bone and spirit.

Flustered, she checked her watch again, “I should go.”

As she went to rise Annie reached out and grabbed her arm tightly, “Remember to ask him about the little thing.”

Norma nodded, “He needs to know.”

“You need to know,” added Moira.

Her mind raced madly for some sensible logical answer as to how these three complete strangers could know about the ‘little thing’. There was no way they could know. No-one knew, not even her mother. Not even her boss. He thought it was a regular check up and it was… or at least that was what she kept telling herself. Except the little thing had been growing into the Big Fear that left her awake and ice cold in the early mornings. She turned to Annie to demand her release, but something in the woman’s face made the words shrivel like dead leaves in her mouth. Up this close Annie’s angular features were made grotesque by the shadows and light reflections. What had first seemed sombre stylishness now looked jagged and ghoulish. Annie stared down her enormous beak of a nose with eyes as darkly bright as the ice-covered cobbles outside. She recoiled and looked away only to realise her right shoulder was being held by another strange hand. Moira’s sharp pearly claws were digging into her skin through coat and clothing. Her face was so close that Chrissie could see the long coarse whiskery hairs on her lip and chin, and notice the sharp little teeth behind her painted coral lips.

The three stared at her with unrelenting intensity as she crouched back in her seat, panting with sudden fear. Her own rasping breath was the only sound in the room, but she could barely hear it beneath the overwhelming drumming of her heart. Her need to escape was almost primal. She wrenched her arm out of Annie’s hard grasp and almost sprinted for the door. As she paid her bill she looked into the mirror behind the counter to see if the three women were still watching her. For one mad moment she could have sworn that she saw a huge rabbitty thing standing beside the table she’d been sitting at, but when she glanced back it was only drab Norma.

Once outside she took three long shivering breaths of the autumn air before walking as fast as she could back to the main street with its hurly burly of lunchtime shoppers. She giggled at her own silliness, but still leapt like a shot deer when a crow cawed loudly from a rooftop. Mad, insane, pure coincidence, she told herself …but deep inside her a persistent whisper echoed in the voices of three.

Now once again she stood at the door of the Black Boar, but this time her feet refused to move. A soft voice startled her out of her reverie.

“Goodness child, you’re frozen!” It was the sleek gingery woman, Moira, elegant in fur and Italian leather. Her face showed concern and a genuine compassion. She put her arm around Chrissie and drew her indoors. Inside the café tall Annie, smiling gently, helped her with her coat as Norma came dashing from the kitchen with a large mug of steaming tea. She was completely unprepared for such gentle mothering. A large tear fought its way free and rolled down her cheek. Moira pulled a crisp white tissue from her tiny leather purse and handed it to her. It was too much to bear. Chrissie put her face in her hands and sobbed like a lost child. Not even the pressure of six hands on her arms and shoulders could stop the flood of emotion that was sweeping through her.

After what felt like a lifetime of weeping, she blotted her eyes and looked about her. Once again all three women had her encircled, but this time she felt held in love rather than held by fear. Feeling calmer than she had in weeks, she sipped her tea and began to tell what she knew they had known before she even knew them - that the ‘little thing’ had been a Big Thing after all. They nodded when she related how she had gone to the doctor and, spurred by their terrifying words, had told him about the little thing. How he had sent her for tests… and back again for more tests. She told them how she had spent her Christmas in hospital corridors with machines and syringes and seen in the New Year wailing like a wild woman, refusing to believe or accept. She told them about test results and statistics, the pamphlets and admission slips, how her life was a blasted heath…

“Rubbish,” said Annie, “Your life is whatever you choose to make it.”

Moira reached across and took her hand. “Sooner or later we all dance with the dark boar,” she said.

Seeing her confusion Norma explained, “In the old times the Dark Boar was the devourer.”

“Death,” Annie added bluntly.

Chrissie looked away…  watched the snow falling outside the window. Silence, as perfect as snowflakes, fell around her. Cool unfathomable peace…“Is this the end then?” she asked. 

Moira shook her head, gently, “There are no endings, only seasons.”

“…and seasons,” continued Norma, “Always circle back to the beginning once again.”

Annie nodded, “Winter isn’t death, winter is the pause between breathes.”

“Hibernation… gestation,” added Norma, “The waiting time.”

Chrissie wiped away another tear, “I’m not sure I can wait.”

“Nonsense,” said Annie, “Of course you can wait. It isn’t a science. Even mould knows how to wait.”

Moira smiled, “and beyond winter there is always the promise of spring.”

“The dance,” said Norma, and they all nodded.

Annie leant forward and touched Chrissie’s cheek lightly with one finger. “The dance you weave is up to you now.” She pointed to the mirrors behind her and Chrissie looked… and looked…

In the dark mirror reflections the café’s tall-backed chairs were mountaintops and the ceiling lights became stars. She felt herself drawn into this otherworld horizon. Across the boundaries of imagination and reality a dark plain came into focus between the mountains and the stars. There were people here, men and women, and a bonfire that hissed and crackled. It was hard to see clearly and at first she thought they were dancing around a maypole. She thought they were holding ribbons, but as they came closer she realised they weren’t swapping over ribbons as they danced in a circle - they were throwing and catching spindles of silvery yarn. As everyone turned and spiralled, threw and caught, the threads were criss-crossing. They were dancing and weaving a net of light. Fire-bright stars and embers swirled around her as she stood and watched. Beyond them, amongst them she saw three familiar figures. They never really joined the dance and yet they were a part of the weaving. Here in this place they seemed so tall, Moira and Norma towered above the others and Annie’s dark head was up amongst the stars themselves. 

With a blink and a heartbeat she was back in her seat in the café as before. She looked at the three women who encircled her at the table and felt her soul shiver at what she could now see before her. Three sets of eyes watched her watching, and in their deep and gentle gaze she saw a hundred thousand dances and more winters than any human mind could comprehend. She got to her feet, slowly this time. There was no more need to panic or rush. Outside in the alley the shoppers were long gone and the newly fallen snow lay unmarked, perfect and pure. Her footsteps would be the first to leave their mark. Chrissie smiled, pulled her scarf a little tighter, and walked out into the hushed winter white.

 

Inside the café Annie went back to her beloved laptop and clicked on her appointment diary.

“Now,” she said, scrolling down to the next week “when shall we three meet again?”

 © Michelle Frost


The names of the three were picked deliberately:
Annie – Black Annis (Scottish mythology Witch/Celtic Goddess)
Norma - the Norn (Norse mythology goddesses of fate and destiny)Moira - the Moirae (Greek mythology Fates)

I live about six miles from the witches stone where the last three witches of Forres were executed. They are supposed to be Shakespeare’s inspiration for the witches in Macbeth.

From the Witches Digest Samhain 2008  

 

 

Steak and Ale Pie

Thursday, April 2nd, 2009

Ingredients

1 kg braising steak
500 ml Ale
500 ml water (approximately) 
3 beef stock cubes
2 1/2 heaped tbsp plain flour
2 large onions
Cooking oil or beef dripping
2 heaped tsp Dijon mustard
Ready made puff pastry (ready rolled preferably, for less work)
MethodPeel and chop the onions.
Cut up the braising steak into small cubes.
Heat some oil in a large and deep saucepan. 
Add the onions and sauté gently for about five minutes until soft.
Add the meat and cook to seal.
Add the flour and stir in to meat juices.
Continue to cook to cook out the flour, adding the beer gradually to prevent sticking to the pan until all the beer has been added.
Add beef stock cubes and stir until dissolved.
Add water to thin down the gravy. 
The amount will vary according to how much juice has come out of the meat so add gradually until the right consistency is achieved.
Add Dijon mustard (English mustard can be used if preferred).
Once boiling reduce the heat, cover and simmer very gently for at least two hours.

 

 

Once cooked, cut your pre-prepared pastry into rounds or squares (the shape and decoration is down to your imagination) and bake for approximately 10 minutes on a tray.

To serve your Steak and Ale Pie ladle the meat and gravy on to each plate and top with pastry.

Note:

You can prepare and part cook your Steak and Ale Pie on the one day and then complete the cooking on the following day which will allow the flavours to come out even more

 From the Witches Digest Samhain 2008  

Whisper by linkk

Thursday, April 2nd, 2009

If only I were but a breeze,
Oh…this moment I would seize.
Her youthful freckles, aged so fine,
A child like musing they outline.

Wondrous windows of her mind,
Playful, teasing, and refined.
And what thoughts has she today?
Collective patterns set for play.

Gentle kisses every where…
Touching, tasting, all with care.
There are none that can compare,
When you kiss the lips, of one so fair.

 From the Witches Digest Samhain 2008  

Witch & Familiar Game

Thursday, April 2nd, 2009

Children sit on the floor in a half circle.

One child plays the witch and stands a short distance away with her back to the familiars.

One of the children is pointed to, by the adult who is helping and the child “meows” “grunts” or makes a “ribbit” sound.

The “witch” turns around and tries to guess which child is the familiar and what animal the familiar is.

Continue until everyone has a turn.

You can then discuss the different roles that familiars and animals play.  

 

Tools of the Craft - Part 1

Thursday, April 2nd, 2009

This is an introduction to the symbolism of magical tools and how they are used.  
Please note that ideas may vary depending on tradition, this article is intended as a guide only.

The Pentacle

The Pentacle is a flat board or circle that is usually inscribed with a pentagram (a five-pointed star), though they may also have many other symbols upon them.

This tool acts like a platform upon which many other acts are often performed –especially consecrations. It is symbolic of the Element of Earth, not only as the general Element, but also as the planet Earth itself and on a larger scale it can even be used as a symbol of the universe. It is generally placed in the centre of the altar, and magical workings are performed on top of it. It can also be used in meditations. The Pentacle is often used in ceremonial magic as it blocks evil very effectively.

It’s direction is North and it’s energy is Female.

In the upward direction it is used for Protection, Blessing, Consecration, Meditation and Positive energy. In the downward direction it is used for Banishing and Binding.

The five points of the pentacle can be used to represent several things:

Five Senses
Human Body
Love, Wisdom, Power, Knowledge and Law
Earth, Air, Fire, Water and Spirit

In Tarot, the pentacle symbolises political action and intrigue.

Bell

Bells are used to banish negative energy and evil spirits, they are also used to mark the beginning and end or a ritual or ceremony. It is a tool of the element of air and spirit, the sound represents the creative power of the universe. Bells can also be used in invocations, chants and meditation techniques.

Athame

An athame is a ceremonial knife used in Traditional Witchcraft and other pagan beliefs for various rituals. A black-handled knife called an arthame appears in the Key of Solomon. The athame is an important ritual tool but is not used for physical cutting.

The athame’s primary use is for ritual and magical purposes only, to direct energy; if things such as herbs or cords need to be cut, another knife called a boline - a white-handled knife -is used. An exception is the “kitchen witchcraft” philosophy, which encourages the everyday use of magical tools to increase the witch’s familiarity with them.

Gender:Masculine 
Direction: East 
Element: Fire/Air 
Uses: Mixing solutions and potions, charging and consecrating amulets and talismans. Opening and closing magic circles.
Additional Information: Also known as the right handed knife. Athames must be consecrated or purified before use.

Bags and Pouches

Bags and pouches are an important magical tool as they have many uses. You can use them to carry tools safely; or keep tarot decks and crystals protected from negative vibrations and damage; create a Mojo bag; stuff with herbs to make a sachet charm or dream pillow.

Storing a tarot deck in a special place helps the reader to appreciate the significance of her cards. It builds an atmosphere of respect for the tarot reading. It is also believed that care placed in storage practices keeps the cards from absorbing negative energy. A popular storage option is a dark coloured fabric bag. Some people wrap their cards in a cloth before they place the cards in the bag.

Mojo bags (also known as a gris-gris or conjure bag) usually contains a mix of herbs, powders, personal items such as a hair or fingernail clippings, sometimes a coin or dice, a lodestone, a petition paper or prayer, and other objects thought to promote supernatural action or protection.

Herbal sachets are small fabric bags filled with herbs intended to achieve a particular magical goal. They are popular for protection and attracting positive influences into your life such as love, psychic ability, prosperity and the like. Sachets are constructed with appropriate correspondences for the magical intent they are being created to achieve. These correspondences include the time and day they are made, the colour of the cloth used, and the herbs and other items often including crystals which are enclosed in the pouch.

Making dream pillows are an excellent way to make your subconscious mind work with you on problem-solving, divination, etc. Dream pillows will also help when you are troubled by nightmares. For hundreds of years people have used herb mixtures to affect their dreams. In the same way that certain fragrances (like fresh coffee or cut grass) evoke a pleasant memory for you, herbs also evoke pleasant associations of memory.

Book of Shadows

A Book of Shadows is a blank book where witches write down information useful to their craft. It is considered a sacred tool, which means it is an item of power that should be consecrated with all of your other magical tools. Copy spells and rituals into your Book of Shadows by hand – this will not only transfer energy but will also help you memorise the content.

Typically a Book of Shadows will be used to store information on Spells, Rituals, Magical Correspondences, Gods and Goddesses, Festivals, Recipes, Charts, Sketches, Recordings of Magical Workings etc.

Tips:
1. If you find a rite, spell or piece of information somewhere else, be sure to note down the source. It will help you keep organized, and you’ll start to recognize patterns in authors’ works. 
2. Add a section that includes books you’ve read, as well as what you thought of them. This way, when you get a chance to share information with others, you’ll remember what you’ve read.

Boxes

It is important to keep your magical tools in good condition. Boxes offer physical protection from damage, and keep your items clean. By respecting your magical items you will have greater affinity with them, and their powers will be more in harmony with your own. On a metaphysical level, boxes prevent negative energies from affecting your tools.

Boxes can also be used as an integral part of any magical working. In general, a spell box is filled with power items necessary to achieve a goal, although you should follow directions given for specific spells. It may be a cumulative spell done in increments: items are gathered one by one and added to enhance the power oft he box. Sometimes a special box lends itself to a magical or spiritual goal. The box itself can become an intrinsic part of the spell. Some ideas for use include: Attach and incorporate the power items to the box itself, such as charms, beads, shells and feathers; Paint images on the outside or inside of the box to correspond with the spells goals; Embellish with sigils or other symbols using magic ink, henna or other natural dyes.

Broom/Besom

The besom’s components are of both masculine and feminine orientation. The handle, a stave, is masculine in nature while the bristles are feminine. The besom is an important part of hand-fasting ceremonies in some traditions. The couple jumps over the besom during the ceremony as a fertility rite.

Uses include:symbolic and physical cleansing, sweeping away negative vibrations, expelling evil spirits, defining boundaries and purification. Brooms should always be looked after to keep from losing good fortune. It is traditional to keep a broom either by or above the front door, to protect hearth and home from negative energy The broom is sacred to the Goddess Hecate, it’s element is Water.

Candles

Candle Magic has been around for many, many years, being traced as far back as the Palaeolithic era. It is a very powerful form of sympathetic magic. 
There are many factors that play into the art of candle magic. Keep in mind that some candle magic has to be repeated over a period of days. Therefore, you will want to place them in an area that will not be disturbed. Do not choose a place where there is a tv, radio noise or disturbances of any kind. Keep in mind to not put candles near curtains and such, as you would not want to burn your house down. Candle magic should always be performed in a low traffic area.

Any type of candle can be used for candle magic as long as it has been cleansed and consecrated prior to use. Cleansing removes any negative energies that the candle has picked up along the way. As with all supplies you want your candles to be as free of psychic debris as possible.

The candles you use for any type of magical use should be unused. Under no circumstances use a candle which has already adorned a dinner table or been used as a bedroom candle or night-light. Vibrations picked up by second-hand materials or equipment may disturb your workings and negate their effectiveness.

Once you have purchased or made your ritual candle it has to be oiled or ‘dressed’ before burning. The purpose of dressing the candle is to establish a psychic link between it and the magician through a primal sensory experience. By physically touching the candle during the dressing procedure, you are charging it with your own personal vibrations and also concentrating the desire of your magical act into the wax.

The Cauldron

The cauldron or pot symbolizes cyclical time and the lunar calendar, it is the repository of inspiration and magick.

In contemporary Witchcraft, the cauldron is an important magical tool that symbolically combines the influences of the ancient elements of air, fire, water, and earth. Its shape is representative of Mother Nature, and the three legs upon which it stands correspond to the three aspects of the Triple Goddess, the three lunar phases (waxing, full, and waning), and to three as a magical number. Additionally, the cauldron is a symbol of transformation (both physical and spiritual), enlightenment, wisdom, the womb of the Mother Goddess, and rebirth.

Since early times, cauldrons have been used not only for boiling water and cooking food, but for heating up magical brews, poisons, and healing potions. They have also been utilized by alchemists and by Witches as tools of divination, containers for sacred fires and incense, and holy vessels for offerings to the gods of old.

The Chalice

The Element of Water is represented through the use of the Chalice, which is a ceremonial drinking vessel. The Chalice is used to take drinks during rituals and at the culmination of ritual work. In some paths it is also used to toast the Gods.

This tool also represents the universal feminine or the womb, especially when combined with the Athamé during the symbolic Great Rite. However, in Asatru the chalice is used as a drinking horn for holding sacred mead.

Chalices are used for:

* Mixing salt and water
* Mixing potions
* Invoking the power of the Moon
* Conjuring emotions
* Presenting offerings and pouring libations
* Drinking ritual wine
* Create bonds between coven members
* Proposing toasts

 © Dawn Gribble 2008
From the Witches Digest Samhain 2008

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